Intentional Analytical X-Ray Devices - DOE-HDBK-1109-97

DOE-HDBK-1109-97

Radiological Safety Training for Radiation-Producing (X-Ray) Devices

Student's Guide

Occasionally, this hazard is recognized only after the device has operated for

some time. If the participants suspect an X-ray hazard, contact an RCT or the

X-Ray Device Control Office (or facility-specific equivalent) to survey the device.

(Add facility-specific examples.)

INTENTIONAL ANALYTICAL X-RAY DEVICES

Analytical X-Ray Devices.

Analytical X-ray devices use X-rays for diffraction or fluorescence experiments.

These research tools are normally used in materials science. ANSI N43.2 defines

two types of analytical X-ray systems: enclosed beam and open beam.

The following safety features are common to both systems:

A fail-safe light or indicator is installed in a conspicuous location near

the X-ray tube housing. These indicators are energized automatically and

only when the tube current flows or high voltage is applied to the X-ray

tube.

Accessories to the equipment have a beam stop or other barrier.

Shielding is provided.

(Add facility-specific examples.)

ii.

Enclosed-Beam System.

In an enclosed-beam system, all possible X-ray paths (primary and diffracted) are

completely enclosed so that no part of a human body can be exposed to the beam

during normal operation. Because it is safer, the enclosed-beam system should be

selected over the open-beam system whenever possible.