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|  Radiological Control Training for Supervisors
DOE-HDBK-1143-2001
Student's Guide
1. Equity (justice) theory
This theory is based on the equity of input
(work) and output (rewards). Employees'
output is based on their perceived level of
their own input, as well as their perception of
the input and output of others.
If employees believe that their input is
greater than that of others (or their output is
less), they will try to balance the situation by
doing the following:
Reducing their input (decreased
productivity, absenteeism, tardiness)
Increasing their rewards (employee theft,
i.e., supplies, phone calls, inflated
expense statements)
Leaving the job in search of a more
equitable situation
Supervisors should be aware of this theory
and assess whether there is equity in the
workplace for each worker as well as across
the team. By understanding the equity
theory, supervisors can understand
behaviors stemming from real or perceived
inequities.
2. Expectancy (choice) theory
For the expectancy theory, the primary
motivation is the attainment of goals.
Behavior is based on a person's expectation
that his or her effort will lead to a certain type
of performance. This in turn will lead to a
certain level of reward (e.g., If I work hard, I
will do a good job and get a good reward).
Employees make clear choices about the
level of effort they will exert based on these
expectations.
Module 7 - 4
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