Activated materials - doe-hdbk-1108-2002

DOE-HDBK-1108-2002

Radiological Training for Accelerator Facilities

Student's Guide

Lesson Plan

Notes

Activated materials are normally controlled based on

the external radiation dose rate.

Activated materials

All materials located within an accelerator enclosure have the

potential to be radioactivated if subjected to primary or

secondary beams.

Materials that may become radioactive include:

Any material within the accelerator enclosure.

Beamline components.

Air.

Cooling liquids and working fluids.

Beamline components

Beamline components may become radioactive depending on:

Nature of the material.

Proximity to the beam.

Beam characteristics.

Items that intercept a portion of the beam are most likely to be

activated and contaminated. Among those items that have the

highest probability for activation are:

Targets: devices to intercept a portion of the beam for

purposes of producing secondary beams.

Beam dumps or stops: used to absorb the beam.

Collimators and scrapers: used to remove unwanted

diffuse "halo" that often exists surrounding the central

beam.

Septa and other magnets: used to align and direct

beams.

Cavities and beamline: the beamline piping and items

such as resonating cavities, detectors, etc.