Glossary cont'd - doe-std-1098-99cn1a0175

DOE-STD-1098-99

Radiological Control

Glossary

March 2005

shallow dose equivalent: The dose equivalent deriving from external radiation at a depth of 0.007 cm in tissue

[see 835.2(b)].

total effective dose equivalent (TEDE): The sum of the effective dose equivalent (for external exposures) and the

committed effective dose equivalent (for internal exposures) [see 835.2(b)].

weighting factor (wT): The fraction of the overall health risk, resulting from uniform, whole body irradiation,

attributable to specific tissue (T). The dose equivalent to the affected tissue (HT) is multiplied by the appropriate

weighting factor to obtain the effective dose equivalent contribution from that tissue [see 835.2(b)].

whole body: For the purposes of external exposure, head, trunk (including male gonads), arms above and

including the elbow, or legs above and including the knee [see 835.2(b)].

dose assessment: Process of determining radiation dose and uncertainty included in the dose estimate, through the use

of exposure scenarios, bioassay results, monitoring data, source term information, and pathway analysis.

embryo/fetus: Developing human organism from conception until birth. Same as unborn child.

engineering controls: A special form of physical design feature in which components and systems, such as piping,

containments, ventilation, filtration, or shielding, are used to reduce airborne radioactivity, radiation levels, and the

spread of contamination.

entrance or access point: Any location through which an individual could gain access to areas controlled for the

purposes of radiation protection. This includes entry or exit portals of sufficient size to permit human entry, irrespective

of their intended use [see 835.2(a)].

facility: For the purpose of this Standard, a facility includes systems, buildings, utilities, and related activities whose use

is directed to a common purpose at a single location. Examples include: accelerators, storage areas, test loops, nuclear

reactors, radioactive waste disposal systems and burial grounds, testing laboratories, research laboratories, and

accommodations for analytical examinations of components. Also includes: pipelines, ponds, impoundments, landfills

and the like, and motor vehicles, rolling stock, and aircraft.

filter integrity test: Test performed on High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters to identify any damage to the

filter or leakage around the filter.

fixed contamination: Radioactive material that has been deposited onto a surface and cannot be readily removed by

non-destructive means, such as casual contact, wiping, brushing, or laundering. Fixed contamination does not include

radioactive material that is present in a matrix, such as soil or cement, or radioactive material that has been induced in a

material through activation processes.

frisk or frisking: Process of surveying personnel for contamination. Frisking can be performed with hand-held survey

instruments or automated monitoring devices.

general employee: An individual who is either a DOE or DOE contractor employee; an employee of a subcontractor to

a DOE contractor; or a visitor who performs work for or in conjunction with DOE or utilizes DOE facilities [see

835.2(a)].

gestation period: The time from conception to birth, approximately 9 months.

gray (Gy): SI unit of absorbed dose. One gray is equal to an absorbed dose of 1 joule per kilogram (100 rads).

G-5