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DOE-HDBK-3010-94
7.0 Application Examples; Feed Preparation Example
reasonable case can be made that none of the releases calculated are high-frequency events.
Except for the highly unrealistic 4-g estimate for the air line rupture, the largest material
release estimated is ~ 1 g. Using the most conservative meteorological assumptions for an
unmitigated release could produce a site boundary dose of 2 rem, while accounting for
deposition alone would reduce the value to well below 1 rem. The 4-g value does not
represent an anomaly with regard to this conclusion for the types of estimates being made,
where appreciation for actual material behavior is as important as the release data itself.
The most significant factor to consider in this example is that the design insight gained in this
evaluation does not come from the release or dose estimates. It comes from recognizing the
nature of the unit operations being conducted in a given environment. The need to not spill
contained carcinogenic material is self-evident. If the material were being hand-carried in a
single can with a partially taped lid, an effective hazard evaluation would indicate this is an
unacceptable practice independent of potential release estimates. Likewise, the need to not
have rotary machinery that ejects high-velocity fragments due to catastrophic failure is
independent of the material being handled. The use of a flow-limiting orifice in air supply
lines to a glovebox is a basic design consideration driven by the desire to prevent
pressurizing the glovebox. Detailed requirements exist for precluding criticality that are
wholly independent of dose considerations. The major insight that can be construed from the
release estimates, if thought was not previously focused on the types of stresses causing
release, is that it is a good idea to make sure loose oxide is not stationed directly adjacent to
supplied air piping.
The main value of the release estimates is the indication that the unmitigated consequences
from the feed preparation operation are low and, accordingly, worker safety is the principle
focus of evaluation. It is clear that a release external to the building will be insignificant if the
airborne material generated is directed through a HEPA filter plenum. That plenum
needs to have capabilities to cope with high temperature exhaust from a fire, but the feed
preparation operation is not a particularly useful basis for determining those requirements.
Further, even if the ventilation system fails, particulate deposition in the static building
would be expected to make consequences outside the building small. This is an important
perspective on the feed preparation operation, and it may be useful in applying a graded
approach to facility management.
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