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DOE-HDBK-1078-94
Questionnaires distributed without addressing these topics usually have very
poor results. Questionnaires can also be completed in an interview. If
interviews are used they should be held in a controlled environment, free of
noise or disruption. Responses should be recorded. The following guidance
may be used when developing a questionnaire.
1.
Define the purpose of the questionnaire. This can be done by asking the
following questions: "What do we want to find out?", "Why do we want
to find that out?", "When do we need the information?", "How can we
best get the information we need?", "Where should we gather
information?", and "Who is the information for and from whom should
we collect the information?"
2.
Select evaluation questions to be used in the questionnaire. There are
generally three sources for these questions. These include managers and
users of the information to be collected; previously collected data,
interviews, and fieldwork with people in the environment; and other
questionnaires that have been used for similar purposes.
3.
Determine the types of questions required. Generally, three types are
used.
Performance Questions - This type of question usually asks
what has actually been performed. These questions are aimed at
descriptions of actual experiences, activities, or actions and
corresponding performance that would have been observable had
the evaluator been present to observe the actions;
Opinion Questions - This type of question can help identify
problem causes and suggest possible solutions. These questions
are aimed at finding out what people think about something.
Opinion questions reflect people's goals, intentions, desires, and
values; and
Knowledge Questions - These questions assess what factual
information the person has. The assumption is that certain facts
are prerequisites for effective performance.
4.
Focus each question on a specific point. Provide cues or a point of
reference to help the respondent. For example, "What problems have
you had in calibrating the transmitter since you were trained?", or "Based
on what you know about the new modification procedures, what should
be changed in this course?", or "In your opinion, should the fundamentals
section of operator training be resequenced in the course?"
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