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DOE-HDBK-1092-2004
7. Electromagnetic fields may cause unintended ignition of explosives, fuel, and ordnance.
8. Grounding and bonding conductors that are adequate for dc and power frequencies may
develop substantial voltage when fast pulses and radio frequency currents are present,
due to inductance and skin effect.
10.8.4.2 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
Engineering control in accordance with ANS/IEEE C95.1 (1999) should be the primary method
used to restrict exposure whenever practical. If engineering controls are not practical, work-time
limits, based on the averaging intervals and other work-practice and administrative controls,
must be used.
1. Warning Signs. Signs commensurate with the RFMW level must be used to warn
personnel of RFMW hazards. These signs must be posted on access panels of RFMW
enclosures and at entrances to and inside regulated areas.
2. Access Limitation. Access can be limited by controls such as barriers, interlocks,
administrative controls or other means. The operation supervisor controls access to
regulated areas and must approve nonroutine entry of personnel into these places.
When practical, sources of RFMW radiation should be switched off when not in use.
3. Shielding. Shielding that encloses the radiating equipment or provides a barrier between
the equipment and the worker may be used to protect personnel; the shielding design
must account for the frequency and strength of the field.
4. Interlocks. Chamber or oven-type equipment that uses microwave radiation must have
interlocks designed to (1) prevent generation of the radiation unless the chamber is
sealed and (2) shut off such equipment if the door is opened.
5. Lockout/Tagout. The design shall incorporate features that allow the equipment to be
locked out and tagged out for servicing.
6. PPE. PPE such as eyewear is not readily available and is generally not a useful option
as protection against RFMW radiation and fields. Protection must therefore be achieved
by other means.
10.8.4.2.1
EXEMPTIONS FROM RFMW EXPOSURE LIMITS
The following items are exempt from the RFMW exposure limits; however, their manufacture is
subject to Federal RFMW emission standards:
1. Cellular phones and two-way pagers and PDAs
2. Two-way, hand-held radios and walkie-talkies that broadcast between 10 kHz and 1
GHz and emit less than 7 W
3. Microwave ovens used for heating food
4. Video display terminals.
10-10


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