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DOE-HDBK-1130-98
Module 2 Biological Effects
Instructor's Notes
3.
Biological effects of radiation exposure
Somatic effects refer to the effects radiation has on
the individual receiving the dose.
Genetic effects refer to mutations due to radiation
EO7 Define the term
damage to the DNA of a cell. When this change is
"heritable effect."
in the DNA of parental reproductive cells, it is called
a heritable effect.
a.
Somatic Effects
Somatic effects can best be described in terms
of prompt and delayed effects as discussed
below.
1)
Prompt Effects
Although rare in the nuclear industry, large
doses are typically acute radiation doses
representing serious overexposures. The
biological effects of large acute doses are as
follows:
Table 2-1
Prompt Biological Effects
Dose (rem)
Effect
0-25
None detectable through
symptoms or routine blood tests.
25-100
Changes in blood.
100-300
Nausea, anorexia.
300-600
Diarrhea, hemorrhage, and
Effects are dependent on
possible death
medical intervention and the
individual.
28


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