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DOE-HDBK-1130-98
Module 9: Radioactive Contamination Control
Instructor's Notes
2.
Radioactive contamination
Radioactive material is material that contains
radioactive atoms. When radioactive material is
properly contained, it still emits radiation and may be an
external dose hazard, but it is not a contamination
hazard. When radioactive material escapes its
container, it is then referred to as radioactive
contamination.
3.
Radiation is energy; contamination is a material.
B. Types of Contamination
EO1 Define fixed,
removable, and airborne
Radioactive contamination can be fixed, removable, or
contamination.
airborne.
1.
Fixed contamination is contamination that cannot be
easily removed from surfaces.
a.
It cannot be removed by casual contact.
b.
It may be released when the surface is disturbed
(buffing, grinding, using volatile liquids for cleaning,
etc.).
c.
Over time it may "weep," leach, or otherwise
become loose or removable.
2.
Removable contamination is contamination that can
easily be removed from surfaces. Any object that
comes in contact with it may become contaminated.
a.
It may be transferred by casual contact, wiping,
brushing, or washing.
b.
Air movement across removable contamination
could cause the contamination to become airborne.
3.
Airborne contamination is contamination suspended in
air.
86


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