Design Considerations - hdbk1132990144

DOE-HDBK-1132-99

Design Considerations . The design of fusion test facilities should consider

2.11.2

inclusion of the design features described below. Design requirements vary

significantly depending on the characteristics of the test facility, the type of fuel,

and the site characteristics.

Cooling systems should be provided, as required, for removal of heat from the

fusion machine first wall (vacuum vessel), blanket, or other ancillary equipment.

To reduce the amount of tritium released by a single equipment failure, the

design should include the following provisions, as practical:

the capability of completely isolating areas that house equipment

containing tritium from areas normally occupied by personnel,

the capability of isolating sources of tritium, and

the location of tritium monitors to allow the prompt detection of conditions

requiring corrective or protective actions.

When the severity of accidents requires that a containment structure be used,

the design pressure and temperature for fusion machine secondary

confinement or containment should be determined considering the effects of

energy transport and chemical reactions that may occur following the failure of

a fluid system inside the containment. The containment should allow periodic

leak-rate testing. To minimize the release of hazardous materials to the

atmosphere, means should be provided to isolate the primary containment

following accidents that release hazardous material to the containment

atmosphere.

The design of fusion facilities'secondary confinement or containment where

large quantities of tritium are used should consider inclusion of an emergency

tritium cleanup system to mitigate the consequences of an accident involving a

failure of a tritium system pressure boundary.

A secondary confinement system should be used for tritium auxiliary and other

systems containing hazardous materials that are located outside the fusion

machine secondary confinement building or containment structure.

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