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DOE-HDBK-6004-99
The activation and degradation issues should be addressed by the careful choice of materials, to
minimize these effects. The contamination issue should be addressed by careful surface preparation
to both prevent the entrapment of radiological materials and facilitate the removal of material.
Replaceable materials should be radiation tolerant to 1 x 109 rads of cumulative dosage. Materials
that are inaccessible or otherwise difficult to replace should be radiation tolerant to 1 x 109 rads
cumulative exposure.
Material Requirements
All structural materials used should be chosen for their non oxidizing surface characteristics and
resistance to neutron activation, to the extent possible. Stainless steels should be used unless other
materials are agreed upon.
Non metallic materials should be chosen for their resistance to neutron activation and to radiological
degradation. The failure mode of the materials should not directly cause failures of other systems
(e.g. elastomers that become liquids upon radiological exposure). Non metallic materials should not
be used that cause degradation of adjoining metallic materials, such as materials that release chlorine.
All metallic and non metallic materials used should be resistant to the chemical, high temperature, low
temperature, and other hazards unique to fusion facilities. The specific hazards to be addressed are
relative to the equipment's expected location within the fusion facility.
Metal surface characteristics should be smooth and free of paints or coatings, with the exception of
strippable coatings used for decontamination. High polish or electropolished surfaces are preferred,
due to their ease of decontamination.
All metallic and non metallic materials should be resistant to decontamination processes to be used
prior to maintenance. These methods include cleaning with high pressure water, cryogenic materials,
and mild acids. Special care must be used to prevent gaps and crevices from entrapping and retaining
radiological materials.
Wiring Requirements
Wiring should be resistant to radiological damage to the levels stated in this report. All cabling
should be protected from physical hazards expected within the very large fusion facility.
Cabling should be adequately shielded from the high magnetic and radio frequency fields it is expected
to encounter. The shielding should be such that the equipment serviced by that cabling is adequately
protected from cabling induced interference.
Electrical connectors and wiring methods (per National Electrical Code definitions, or equivalent)
should be used to minimize repair or replacement time. Sealed, quick-disconnect connectors should
be used wherever possible and all individual wiring methods (e.g. terminal strips) should be avoided.
These requirements are intended to minimize the exposure of personnel related to maintenance.
99


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