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DOE-STD-1121-98
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Internal dosimetry is "...the scientific methodology used to measure, calculate, estimate, assay,
predict, and otherwise quantify the radiative energy absorbed by the ionization and excitation of atoms in
human tissues as a result of the emission of energetic radiation by internally deposited radionuclides"
(Raabe 1994). Radiation protection requirements for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and DOE-
contractor employees are given in DOE's Occupational Radiation Protection, Title 10, Code of Federal
Regulations, Part 835 (DOE 1998a). In this Technical Standard this regulation will be referred to as "10
CFR 835." . Further, the Radiological Control Standard ("RadCon Standard;" DOE 1999e) contains
provisions that apply to many contractors by virtue of being included in their contract. DOE's 10 CFR
835 and RadCon Standard require monitoring of the workplace, and monitoring of radiation workers who,
under typical conditions, are likely to receive 0.1 rem (0.001 Sv) or more committed effective dose
equivalent, and/or 5 rems (0.05 Sv) committed dose equivalent to any organ or tissue, from all
occupational radionuclide intakes in a year. The regulation 10 CFR 835 also requires that measurements
of internal radionuclides and the assessments of committed effective dose equivalent resulting from
intakes of radionuclides be recorded, reported, and archived.
1.1 SCOPE
This document applies to the internal dosimetry aspects of all Radiation Protection Programs of
DOE and its contractors as required by 10 CFR 835.101 for the conduct of radiological work. As such, it
provides detailed technical guidance on internal dosimetry to DOE and DOE-contractor personnel in
fulfilling the requirements of 10 CFR 835 and applicable provisions of the RadCon Standard, as
elaborated in the Internal Dosimetry Program Guide (DOE 1999b) by clarifying the requirements and
providing specific examples of practical methods for conducting an effective internal dosimetry program.
Guidance is provided on organization, staffing, training, and facilities; documents and plans; design of
and participation in the bioassay program; internal dose evaluation; internal dose management; recording
internal doses and related information; reporting of internal doses; medical response; quality assurance;
and guidance for monitoring in the workplace as it applies to internal dosimetry. Details are provided on
internal dosimetry aspects associated with radon, thoron, and their long-lived progeny; applications of
models to bioassay data; dose assessment techniques; use of significant figures; and a guide to the wealth
of internal dosimetry information at the various DOE sites.
1.2 PURPOSE
This technical standard is created to provide a resource for those engaged in the science and
practice of internal dosimetry within the DOE complex. This standard defines minimum levels of
acceptable performance and provides basic procedural guidelines for evaluating the internal radiation
dose equivalent that may be received by radiation workers from intakes of radionuclides. This set of
defined internal dosimetry performance criteria meets the requirements set forth in 10 CFR 835 for
monitoring the workplace, for assessing internal radiation doses to workers at DOE facilities, and for
recording and reporting requirements as they apply to internal dosimetry programs.
1.3 USE
This standard is for use in implementing the specific parts of the radiation protection programs
required by 10 CFR 835.101 that relate to internal dosimetry programs. DOE and DOE-contractor
1


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