Nuclear Material Locations at a Fusion Facility

DOE-STD-6003-96

4. Inventory requirements are placed on the shipper and receivers of controlled

material and methods to control and resolve inventory differences.

5. Access controls, depending on the tritium form, must be established.

Each fusion facility must establish an independent organization to provide oversight of the

nuclear materials control and accountability. The physical protection requirements are specified

in DOE Order 5632.1C, "Protection and Control of Safeguards and Security Interests," and DOE

5332.1C-1, "Manual for Protection and Control of Safeguards and Security Interests." The

current DOE requirements are dependent on the quantity and form. These include control of

tritium by personnel with a U.S. DOE L clearance and controlled locks, alarms, and access

during nonworking hours. A higher level may be required if there are sabotage risks or classified

information interests at the facility.

Other Orders specify waste requirements, environmental monitoring, and personnel pro-

tection. These are not discussed in this section. The DOE Order requirements are in general not

legal requirements. The facility can negotiate with DOE to determine the most cost-effective

manner of implementing the requirements and still maintain facility safety and material

accountability.

4.4.8.2 Nuclear Material Locations at a Fusion Facility

Typical locations, inputs, and outputs, and measurement points for tritium at a fusion facil-

ity are identified below.

a. Inputs to tritium are shipments into the facility and production of tritium at the facility.

b. Locations of tritium within a facility are "in-process," in-system holdup, in-waste sys-

tems, and in-storage.

c. The exit streams of tritium from a facility include shipments of tritium from the facility

and waste streams (tritium stack emissions, water releases, solid waste and acciden-

tal tritium releases).

d. Measurement locations include input tritium shipments to the facility, exit shipments

from the facility, in-process measurements, in-storage measurements, waste stream

measurements, personnel exposure measurements, workplace measurements, and

stack emission measurements.

4.4.8.3 Tritium Measurements Method

Two primary categories of tritium measurements are made at fusion facilities. One cate-

gory is for determining the quantity and location of tritium within the facility. These measure-

ments are generally of large quantities of tritium in high concentrations. The second category is

for environmental or safety determinations. These are generally lower concentrations and small

quantities.