Module 103 - Biological Effects - DOE-HDBK-1109-97

DOE-HDBK-1109-97

Radiological Safety Training for Radiation-Producing (X-Ray) Devices

Student's Guide

III.

MODULE 103 - BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS

OBJECTIVES

Module Objective.

Upon completion of this unit, the participants should understand the biological effects of

X-rays and the importance of protective measures for working with or around X-rays.

ii. Objectives.

Following self-study and/or classroom review, the participants will be able to:

Outline the early history of X-rays and the consequences of working with or

around X-rays without protective measures.

Identify factors that determine the biological effects of X-ray exposure.

State the differences between thermal and X-ray burns.

Identify the signs and symptoms of an acute dose from X-rays.

Explain the effects of chronic exposure to X-rays.

Identify the difference between somatic and heritable effects.

EARLY HISTORY OF X-RAYS

Discovery of X-Rays.

X-rays were discovered in 1895 by German scientist Wilhelm Roentgen. On November 8,

1895, Roentgen was investigating high-voltage electricity and noticed that a nearby

phosphor glowed in the dark whenever he switched on the apparatus. He quickly