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DOE-HDBK-1106-97
Radionuclides 2/
Average 3/, 4/
Maximum 4/, 5/  Removable 4/, 6/
Transuranics, I-125, I-129, Ra-226,
500
1500
20
Ac-227, Ra-228, Th-228, Th-230,
Pa-231. Th-Natural, Sr-90, I-126, I-131,
1,000
3,000
200
I-133, Ra-223, Ra-224, U-232, Th-232
U-Natural, U-235, U-238, and associated
5,000
15,000
1,000
decay product, alpha emitters.
Beta-gamma emitters (radionuclides with
decay modes other than alpha emission or
5,000
15,000
1,000
spontaneous fission) except Sr-90 and
others noted above. 7/
Figure IV-1 Surface Contamination Guidelines
1/ As
used in this table, dpm (disintegrations per minute) means the rate of emission by radioactive material
as determined by correcting the counts per minute measured by an appropriate detector for background,
efficiency, and geometric factors associated with the instrumentation.
2/ Where
surface contamination by both alpha- and beta-gamma-emitting radionuclides exists, the limits
established for alpha- and beta-gamma-emitting radionuclides should apply independently.
of average contamination should not be averaged over an area of more than 1 m2. For
3/ Measurements
objects of less surface area, the average should be derived for each such object.
4/ The
average and maximum dose rates associated with surface contamination resulting from beta-gamma
emitters should not exceed 0.2 mrad/h and 1.0 mrad/h, respectively, at 1 cm.
maximum contamination level applies to an area of not more than 100 cm2.
5/ The
amount of removable material per 100 cm2 of surface area should be determined by wiping an area of
6/ The
that size with dry filter or soft absorbent paper, applying moderate pressure, and measuring the amount of
radioactive material on the wiping with an appropriate instrument of known efficiency. When removable
contamination on objects of surface area less than 100 cm2 is determined, the activity per unit area should
be based on the actual area and the entire surface should be wiped. It is not necessary to use wiping
techniques to measure removable contamination levels if direct scan surveys indicate that the total residual
surface contamination levels are within the limits for removable contamination.
7/ This
category of radionuclides includes mixed fission products, including the Sr-90 which is present in
them. It does not apply to Sr-90 which has been separated from the other fission products or mixtures
where the Sr-90 has been enriched.
91


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