Secondary beam - doe-hdbk-1108-2002

DOE-HDBK-1108-2002

Radiological Training for Accelerator Facilities

Instructor's Guide

Lesson Plan

Notes

Secondary beam

Secondary beam is produced by interaction of the primary

beam with targets or beamline components. The secondary

beam may consist of:

Electromagnetic radiation.

Charged particles.

Other elementary particles.

EO-14 DISCUSS

Skyshine

surveys and

Skyshine is the radiation scattered from air molecules.

techniques. As

Accelerator-produced skyshine is usually neutron radiation,

applicable, discuss

scattered after emerging more or less vertically from the

fundamental

shielded enclosure. It can cause elevated radiation fields at

particles, the hadron

ground level considerable distances from the source.

cascade or the

radiation field

Due to typical facility design, photon skyshine is usually less

inside the beam

of a problem but is a consideration, particularly where

caves.

radioactive materials are stored.

Electromagnetic radiation

Define the terms.

Bremsstrahlung: (photons emitted through the

deceleration of charged particles passing through

matter).

Electromagnetic cascades: (multiple photons emitted

through high-energy interactions).

Synchrotron radiation: (photons emitted as the charged

particles are accelerated in a curved path).