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|  DOE-HDBK-1108-2002
Radiological Training for Accelerator Facilities
Student's Guide
Lesson Plan
Notes
2.
Secondary beam
Secondary beam is produced by interaction of the primary
beam with targets or beamline components. The secondary
beam may consist of:
Electromagnetic radiation.
N
N
Charged particles.
N
Other elementary particles.
N
3.
Skyshine
Skyshine is the radiation scattered from air molecules.
scattered after emerging more or less vertically from the
shielded enclosure. It can cause elevated radiation fields at
ground level considerable distances from the source.
Due to typical facility design, photon skyshine is usually less
of a problem but is a consideration, particularly where
radioactive materials are stored.
4.
Electromagnetic radiation
Bremsstrahlung: (photons emitted through the
a.
deceleration of charged particles passing through
matter).
Electromagnetic cascades: (multiple photons emitted
b.
through high-energy interactions).
Synchrotron radiation: (photons emitted as the charged
c.
particles are accelerated in a curved path).
12
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