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| DOE-HDBK-1188-2006
14.
ATTAINMENT AREA. An area that the Environmental Protection Agency has designated as being
in compliance with one or more of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for sulfur
dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead, and particulate matter. An area may be in
attainment for some pollutants but not for others. (See National Ambient Air Quality Standards
(NAAQS), nonattainment area, and particulate matter.) [Derived from EPA Terms]
15.
AVERAGE (50%) METEOROLOGY. Meteorological conditions that, for a particular area,
correspond to the median amount of mixing of pollutants with the less contaminated surrounding air.
The term indicates conditions during which more favorable mixing conditions occur 50% of the time
and less favorable mixing conditions occur 50% of the time. The term "average meteorology" is often
used without further definition; it corresponds to a median value. [See conservative (95%)
meteorology.] [Derived from DOE 6430.1A]
16.
BACKGROUND RADIATION. Radiation from (1) cosmic sources, (2) naturally occurring
radioactive materials, including radon (except as a decay product of source or special nuclear
material), and (3) global fallout as it exists in the environment (e.g., from the testing of nuclear
explosive devices). [Derived from 10 CFR 20.1003, NRC Glossary]
17.
BASELINE. The existing environmental conditions against which impacts of the proposed action and
its alternatives can be compared.
For a specific NEPA document, a further statement can be included about the date or
conditions that are considered the baseline. For example: "For this Environmental Impact
Statement the environmental baseline is the environmental condition of the site as it exists in 1999."
18.
BEST AVAILABLE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY (BACT). Available devices, systems, or
techniques for achieving the maximum reduction of air-pollutant emissions while considering energy,
environmental, and economic impacts. BACT is determined on a case-by-case basis for new sources
or major modifications to existing sources in areas that are in attainment of National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (NAAQS). BACT does not permit emissions in excess of those allowed under any
Clean Air Act provisions. [See lowest achievable emissions rate (LAER), maximum achievable
control technology (MACT), reasonably achievable control technology (RACT), and National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).] [Derived from EPA Terms, 40 CFR 51.166(b)(12)]
19.
BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BAT). Under the Clean Water Act:
Economically achievable pollution control methods that will allow point sources to comply with the
effluent limitations required by the Clean Water Act. Factors to be taken into account in assessing
what is the best available technology include the age of equipment and facilities involved, the process
employed, the engineering aspects of the application of various types of control techniques, process
changes, the cost of achieving such effluent reduction, non-water quality environmental impact
(including energy requirements), and such other factors as the Environmental Protection Agency
Administrator deems appropriate. [Derived from CWA sects. 301(b) and 304(b)(2)(B)]
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