Dose(Chemical)

DOE-HDBK-1188-2006

devices designed so that each serves a particular purpose in allowing physicists to reconstruct particle

events. [Derived from LBL, HEP]

54. DOSE (CHEMICAL). The amount of a substance administered to, taken up by, or assimilated by an

organism. It is often expressed in terms of the amount of substance per unit mass of the organism,

tissue, or organ of concern. [Derived from HL]

55. DOSE (RADIOLOGICAL). A generic term meaning absorbed dose, dose equivalent, effective dose

equivalent, committed dose equivalent, committed effective dose equivalent, or committed equivalent

dose, as defined elsewhere in this glossary. [Derived from 10 CFR 20.1003]

56. DOSE COMMITMENT. The total dose equivalent a body, organ, or tissue would receive during a

specified period of time (e.g., 50 years) as a result of intake (as by ingestion or inhalation) of one or

more radionuclides from a defined release. [Derived from ANSI N343]

57. DOSE EQUIVALENT. A measure of radiological dose that correlates with biological effect on a

common scale for all types of ionizing radiation. Defined as a quantity equal to the absorbed dose in

tissue multiplied by a quality factor (the biological effectiveness of a given type of radiation) and all

other necessary modifying factors at the location of interest. The units of dose equivalent are the rem

and sievert (Sv). [Derived from 10 CFR 20.1003, FGR 11]

58. ECOLOGY. A branch of science dealing with the interrelationships of living organisms with one

another and with their nonliving environment. [Derived from MW, ESTD]

59. ECOSYSTEM. A community of organisms and their physical environment interacting as an

ecological unit. [EE&S]

60. EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT. The dose value obtained by multiplying the dose equivalents

received by specified tissues or organs of the body by the appropriate weighting factors applicable to

the tissues or organs irradiated, and then summing all of the resulting products. It includes the dose

from radiation sources internal and external to the body. The effective dose equivalent is expressed in

units of rems or sieverts. (See committed dose equivalent and committed effective dose equivalent.)

[Derived from 10 CFR 835.2, 10 CFR 20.1003, DOE 5400.5]

61. EFFLUENT. A waste stream flowing into the atmosphere, surface water, ground water, or soil.

Most frequently the term applies to wastes discharged to surface waters. [Derived from EPA Terms]

62. ENDANGERED SPECIES. Plants or animals that are in danger of extinction through all or a

significant portion of their ranges and that have been listed as endangered by the U.S. Fish and

Wildlife Service or the National Marine Fisheries Service following the procedures outlined in the

Endangered Species Act and its implementing regulations (50 CFR 424). (See threatened species.)

A-13