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DOE-STD-1128-98
C.5.2
Electrical Power
Both normal and emergency power supplies should be available to a plutonium
facility to ensure that critical systems can continue to operate under both normal
and accident conditions.
C.5.2.1
Normal Power
A plutonium facility's normal electrical power needs should be met by
two primary feeders. The preferred primary feeder should provide basic
service to the facility and consist of a radial feeder connected directly to
the main substation serving the area. To minimize power outages, this
feeder should be an express feeder and should not have any other loads
connected to it.
The alternate primary feeder should be in ready standby to provide
backup power to the preferred primary feeder power supply. In the event
of a forced outage or planned maintenance of the preferred primary
feeder, the power load should automatically transfer to the alternate
feeder. The alternate primary feeder should also be a radial feeder
connected directly to a substation and should have no other loads
connected to it. To minimize simultaneous outages of the preferred and
alternate primary feeders due to lightning or other physical damage, the
two feeders should have maximum physical separation.
C.5.2.2
Emergency Power
The facility should be provided with a reliable, local source of
emergency power if both primary sources fail. The emergency power
source should be completely independent of the preferred and alternate
primary feeders. The emergency power should be generated onsite by
turbines or diesel generators with automatic starting and switch-over
equipment. The emergency system should be physically separated from
the normal power systems, except at the automatic transfer switch, so
that any electrical or mechanical breakdown of the normal power system
will not render the emergency system inoperative.
The time lag between electrical power failure and the resumption of
emergency power should not exceed 20 seconds, and the emergency
system should remain energized for at least 5 minutes after the
restoration of primary power to allow for an orderly transition. The
emergency power sources should have sufficient capacity and sufficient
fuel supplies stored onsite to maintain the integrity of all critical building
systems for approximately 48 hours. The amount of time that emergency
power is necessary should be determined by the requirements for
bringing the processes to safe shutdown condition. Chemical and thermal
inertia also should be considered. The emergency power system should
be able to carry identified critical loads such as air exhaust and supply
systems, fire-detection and fire-suppression systems, related
instrumentation and control functions, necessary criticality and radiation-
C-27


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