Aerodynamic Entrainment and Resuspension

DOE-HDBK-3010-94

5.0 Surface Contamination; Solid, Noncombustible Surfaces

5.2.4

A erod yn am ic E n train m en t an d R esus pen sion

The value for the aerodynamic entrainment (resuspension) of powder lying on a

heterogeneous surface under nominal flow condition indoors or outdoors has been assigned a

value of 4E-5/hr with a RF of 1.0 (section 4.4.4). For thin layers of powders lying on the

surface of a heterogeneous surface under debris or for static conditions within facilities, the

ARR is degraded to 4E-6/hr with a RF of 1.0. It is not anticipated that the resuspension of

contaminants for solid, combustible wastes would exceed these values under the same

conditions. On these bases, these values are also assessed as bounds for the ARR and RF for

the resuspension of surface contamination from combustible solids.

5.3

S O L I D, N O N C O M B US T I B LE U N Y I EL D I NG S U R F A C E S

The surface contamination on solid, noncombustible surfaces is assumed to be a sparse

population of loose (not combined with the surface matrix) particles lying on the

heterogeneous surface. In actual cases, surface contamination can range from contamination

mixed with a worn, abraded surface (e.g., rust, concrete) to materials chemically attached to

the surface.

5.3.1

T h erm al S tres s

The flexing (expansion and contractions) of metal and other noncombustible surfaces may

eject some particles contaminating their surfaces. The experimental data that most closely

represent such situations would be the suspension of powders during heating and oxidation

(see section 4.3.1). Due to the uncertainty of the composition of the contaminant (may be a

chemically active compound in powder form), the higher value for heating non-reactive

compounds in powder form, ARF and RF of 6E-3 and 0.01 (Mishima, Schwendiman and

Radasch, July 1968), are assessed to bound these situations.

5.3.2

E xp losive S tress: S h ock , B last, an d V en tin g

5.3.2.1

S h ock E ffects

5.3.2.1.1 C on tam in ated S olid s as M on olith s. Steindler and Seefeldt (1980) provide

an empirical correlation to experimental data on the fragmentation of metals and aqueous

solution by detonations [energy releases in microseconds with brisance (shattering effect)]

(Ayer, et al., May 1988). The experiments covered the work performed by TNT related to

the mass ratios (ratio mass of inert to TNT equivalent) of 1 to 10. The experiments were

conducted with the condensed phase explosive embedded or contiguous to the material

affected. Estimates of the ARF and size distribution for various mass ratios up to 1000 are

provided in Appendix C of Ayer, et al. (May 1988) for a GSD of 8. The GSD is much

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