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DOE-HDBK-3010-94
5.0 Surface Contamination; Solid, Noncombustible Surfaces
5.2.4
A erod yn am ic E n train m en t an d R esus pen sion
The value for the aerodynamic entrainment (resuspension) of powder lying on a
heterogeneous surface under nominal flow condition indoors or outdoors has been assigned a
value of 4E-5/hr with a RF of 1.0 (section 4.4.4). For thin layers of powders lying on the
surface of a heterogeneous surface under debris or for static conditions within facilities, the
ARR is degraded to 4E-6/hr with a RF of 1.0. It is not anticipated that the resuspension of
contaminants for solid, combustible wastes would exceed these values under the same
conditions. On these bases, these values are also assessed as bounds for the ARR and RF for
the resuspension of surface contamination from combustible solids.
5.3
S O L I D, N O N C O M B US T I B LE U N Y I EL D I NG S U R F A C E S
The surface contamination on solid, noncombustible surfaces is assumed to be a sparse
population of loose (not combined with the surface matrix) particles lying on the
heterogeneous surface. In actual cases, surface contamination can range from contamination
mixed with a worn, abraded surface (e.g., rust, concrete) to materials chemically attached to
the surface.
5.3.1
T h erm al S tres s
The flexing (expansion and contractions) of metal and other noncombustible surfaces may
eject some particles contaminating their surfaces. The experimental data that most closely
represent such situations would be the suspension of powders during heating and oxidation
(see section 4.3.1). Due to the uncertainty of the composition of the contaminant (may be a
chemically active compound in powder form), the higher value for heating non-reactive
compounds in powder form, ARF and RF of 6E-3 and 0.01 (Mishima, Schwendiman and
Radasch, July 1968), are assessed to bound these situations.
5.3.2
E xp losive S tress: S h ock , B last, an d V en tin g
5.3.2.1
S h ock E ffects
5.3.2.1.1 C on tam in ated S olid s as M on olith s. Steindler and Seefeldt (1980) provide
an empirical correlation to experimental data on the fragmentation of metals and aqueous
solution by detonations [energy releases in microseconds with brisance (shattering effect)]
(Ayer, et al., May 1988). The experiments covered the work performed by TNT related to
the mass ratios (ratio mass of inert to TNT equivalent) of 1 to 10. The experiments were
conducted with the condensed phase explosive embedded or contiguous to the material
affected. Estimates of the ARF and size distribution for various mass ratios up to 1000 are
provided in Appendix C of Ayer, et al. (May 1988) for a GSD of 8. The GSD is much
Page 5-21


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