Experimental Studies

DOE-HDBK-3010-94

3.0 Liquids; Aqueous Solutions

the ratio between mass of liquid entrained/mass of vapor generated and was calculated

by the correlation developed by Rozen et al. (1970). The correlation as shown in

Kataoka and Ishii (April 1983) is limited to the deposition controlled region with

different correlations for the low and high superficial gas velocity regimes. The

correlation used here is the general correlation for the entire region. The size

distribution of droplets formed is based upon the suspension velocity and Weber

breakup of liquid masses. Initial conditions for scoping calculations were as follows:

Vessel volume: 50,000 m3

Pool area: 500 m2

Initial pressures: 0.3 MPa (43.5 psi), 0.5 MPa (72.5 psi), and

0.7 MPa (101.5 psi)

Vent hole sizes: 1, 10, 100 and 1000 m2

Total water inventory: 2.71 X 105 kg.

The following assumptions were made:

System instantly comes to equilibrium.

Fluid temperature instantly comes to saturation temperature.

Vapor generation in bulk liquid instantly produces vapor flux at

surface.

Liquid vaporization does not contribute to the containment pressure.

Blowdown is calculated without vapor source.

Blowdown is calculated by choked flow through orifice while

containment pressure is above 0.18 MPa (26.1 psi). Below 0.18 MPa,

blowdown is calculated by an orifice-pressure-drop/flow-rate

relationship.

Containment temperature at failure is at saturation temperature at the

initial pressure and does not change throughout the calculation.

Values of liquid specific heat and heat of vaporization are constant.

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