Glossary - hdbk110997

DOE-HDBK-1109-97

Radiological Safety Training for Radiation-Producing (X-Ray) Devices

Instructor=s Guide

GLOSSARY

Absorbed dose: The energy absorbed by matter from ionizing radiation per unit mass of irradiated

material at the place of interest in that material. The absorbed dose is expressed in units of rad.

(10 CFR 835.2(b))

Accelerator: A device employing electrostatic or electromagnetic fields to impart kinetic energy to

molecular, atomic, or subatomic particles and capable of creating a radiological area (DOE Order 5480.25)

Examples include linear accelerators, cyclotrons, synchrotrons, synchrocyclotrons, free-electron lasers

(FELs), and ion LINACs. Single and tandem Van de Graaff generators, when used to accelerate charged

particles other than electrons, are also considered accelerators. Specifically excluded from this definition

(per DOE 0 5480.25) are the following:

Unmodified commercially available units such as electron microscopes, ion implant devices, and X-

ray generators that are acceptable for industrial applications.

Accelerator facilities not capable of creating a radiological area.

Access panel: Any barrier or panel that is designed to be removed or opened for maintenance or service

purposes, requires tools to open, and permits access to the interior of the cabinet. See also door, port, and

aperture.

Access port: See port.

Analytical X-ray device. A group of components that use intentionally produced X-rays to evaluate,

typically through X-ray diffraction or fluorescence, the phase state or elemental composition of materials.

Local components include those that are struck by X-rays such as the X-ray source housings, beam ports

and shutter assemblies, collimators, sample holders, cameras, goniometers, detectors, and shielding.

Remote components include power supplies, transformers, amplifiers, readout devices, and control panels.