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Page Title:
Module 103 - Biological Effects |
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|  DOE-HDBK-1109-97
Radiological Safety Training for Radiation-Producing (X-Ray) Devices
Student's Guide
III.
MODULE 103 - BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
A.
OBJECTIVES
i.
Module Objective.
Upon completion of this unit, the participants should understand the biological effects of
X-rays and the importance of protective measures for working with or around X-rays.
ii. Objectives.
Following self-study and/or classroom review, the participants will be able to:
1.
Outline the early history of X-rays and the consequences of working with or
around X-rays without protective measures.
2.
Identify factors that determine the biological effects of X-ray exposure.
3.
State the differences between thermal and X-ray burns.
4.
Identify the signs and symptoms of an acute dose from X-rays.
5.
Explain the effects of chronic exposure to X-rays.
6.
Identify the difference between somatic and heritable effects.
B.
EARLY HISTORY OF X-RAYS
i.
Discovery of X-Rays.
X-rays were discovered in 1895 by German scientist Wilhelm Roentgen. On November 8,
1895, Roentgen was investigating high-voltage electricity and noticed that a nearby
phosphor glowed in the dark whenever he switched on the apparatus. He quickly
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