Table 3-2. Worst-case doses in rem resulting from release of 1 Ci of tritium cont'd

DOE-HDBK-1129-99

OXIDE

ELEMENTAL

Ground

Stack

Ground

Stack

Facility

T West

Site Boundary**

7.0E-4

1.5E-6*

2.8E-8

6.0E-11*

100 meters

1.6E-3

2.1E-7

6.4E-8

8.4E-12

T East

Site Boundary**

2.8E-4

1.4E-6

1.1E-8

5.6E-11

100 meters

1.6E-3

2.1E-7

6.4E-8

8.4E-12

LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY

OXIDE

ELEMENTAL

Ground

Stack

Ground

Stack

Facility

WETF #1/#2

Site Boundary

2.0E-5

8.5E-7*

8.0E-10

3.4E-11*

100 meters

1.6E-3

8.7E-6

6.4E-8

3.5E-10

TSFF

Site Boundary

3.0E-5

8.5E-7*

1.2E-9

3.4E-11*

100 meters

1.6E-3

8.7E-6

6.4E-8

3.5E-10

TSTA

Site Boundary

1.2E-4

2.3E-6

4.8E-9

9.2E-11

100 meters

1.6E-3

6.1E-6

6.4E-8

2.4E-10

LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LABORATORY

OXIDE

ELEMENTAL

Ground

Stack

Ground

Stack

Facility

Bldg. 331, #1/#2

Site Boundary

1.5E-4

2.8E-6

6.0E-9

1.1E-10

100 meters

1.6E-3

6.1E-6

6.4E-8

2.4E-10

PANTEX

Facility

OXIDE

ELEMENTAL

Ground

Stack

Ground

Stack

SNM Facility

Site Boundary

1.2E-5

4.8E-10

Building 12-116

100 meters

1.6E-3

6.4E-8

* This value is the worst-case dose to the public, which does not occur on site boundary but at a larger distance

from the facility, as estimated in reference [22]. The individual is designated to be the maximally exposed member

of the public.

** Mound Central Operations Support Building is not considered a public boundary by DOE Miamisburg

interpretations. [22]

In some cases, primarily at the DOE Mound facility, the worst-case offsite dose does not occur at

the site boundary, but can occur some distance away (due, in part, to high stacks and short

distance to site boundaries). Additionally, the DOE Mound Office defines the personnel using the

buildings onsite that have been turned over to the community (e.g., the Central Operations Support

building) as collocated workers and not as members of the public [22]. If these individuals were

instead reclassified as members of the public, then use of this calculational method would result in

an increase in some of the tabled site boundary doses from ground releases at Mound. It should

be noted that several federal environmental laws (e.g., Comprehensive Environmental Response,

Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know

Act (EPCRA), and the Clean Water Act (CWA) require that releases of hazardous substances

above reportable quantities (for tritium, this is 100 curies in 24 hours) be reported to the National

Response Center. In many cases, the curie levels are back-calculated from offsite dose receptor

requirements (see Section 8.1.3). Current guidance from "Hazardous Substance Release

Reporting under CERCLA, EPCRA 304, and DOE Emergency Management System/Occurrence

Reporting Requirements," DOE/EH-0383, makes a distinction between "normal" or "routine"

releases and "abnormal" or "accidental" releases, and suggests reporting abnormal or accidental

releases, even if they are below federally permitted levels.