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  | ![]() DOE-STD-1161-2003 
Entropy change 
Enthalpy change 
Pressure 
Temperature 
4. 
Mechanical systems personnel shall demonstrate a working level knowledge of the theory 
and operation of air conditioning and refrigeration (AC&R) systems. 
Supporting Knowledge and/or Skills 
a. 
Define the following terms as they apply to air conditioning and refrigeration systems: 
Latent heat of vaporization 
Latent heat of fusion 
Refrigerant 
Vaporization point 
Air and non-condensable gases 
b. 
Using a one-line diagram of the basic refrigeration cycle, discuss the theory of operation 
of refrigeration systems. 
c. 
Discuss the function of the following components of a typical refrigeration system: 
Thermal expansion valve 
Evaporator coils 
Receiver 
d. 
Discuss refrigerant leak detection. 
e. 
Discuss the general hazards involved in handling refrigerants. 
5. 
Mechanical systems personnel shall demonstrate a working level knowledge of the basic 
construction, operation, and theory of ventilation systems. 
Supporting Knowledge and/or Skills 
a. 
Using a one-line diagram of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, identify 
the following components and discuss their purpose: 
Blowers 
Fans 
Dampers 
Chillers 
Filters 
Heat exchangers 
Scrubbers 
Hoods 
Pressure sensors 
7 
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