Appendix A: Glossary - Continued - STD-1128-98master0298

DOE-STD-1128-98

Guide of Good Practices for Occupational Radiological Protection in Plutonium Facilities

managed very carefully and all handling must be performed from behind heavy protective shielding.

(DOE/S-0101)

intake: The amount of radionuclide taken into the body by inhalation, absorption through intact skin,

injection, ingestion or through wounds. Depending on the radionuclide involved, intakes may be reported

in mass (e.g., :g, mg) or activity (e.g., :Ci, Bq) units. (Internal Dosimetry IG)

LLW: Low-level waste (LLW) is any radioactive waste that is not HLW, spent nuclear fuel, TRU waste,

or uranium mill tailings. The LLW is typically contaminated with small amounts of radioactivity

dispensed in large amounts of material. The LLW is generated in every process involving radiaoctive

materials in the DOE including decontamination and decommissioning projects. (DOE/S-0101)

minimum detectable amount/activity (MDA): The smallest amount (activity or mass) of an analyte in a

sample that will be detected with a probabilty # of non-detection (Type II error) while accepting a

probability " of erroneously deciding that a positive (non-zero) quantity of analyte is present in an

appropriate blank sample (Type I error). (ANSI N13.30-1996)

MW: Mixed waste (MW) is waste that contains both radioactive and hazardous wastes. Any of the types

of radioactive waste described can be a mixed waste if it contains any hazardous wastes. In fact, all of

DOE's HLW is mixed waste because of the chemicals used to reprocess the fuel that resulted in the

generation of the material or because it is suspected to contain hazardous materials. (DOE/S-0101)

occupational exposure: An individual's exposure to ionizing radiation (external and internal) as a result

of that individual's work assignment. Occupational exposure does not include planned special exposures,

exposure received as a medical patient, background radiation, or voluntary participation in medical

research programs. (10 CFR 835)

personal air monitoring: The monitoring of air for radioactive particles in the immediate vicinity of an

individual radiation worker's nose and mouth, usually by a portable sampling pump and collection tube

(such as a lapel sampler) worn on the body. Personal air monitoring is a special case of breathing zone air

monitoring. (Workplace Air Monitoring IG)

portable air sampler: An air sampler designed to be moved from area to area.

radiation area: Any area accessible to individuals in which radiation levels could result in an individual

receiving a deep dose equivalent in excess of 0.005 rem (0.05 millisievert) in 1 hour at 30 cm from the

source or from any surface that the radiation penetrates. (10 CFR 835)

radiation-generating device (RDG): The collective term for devices which produce ionizing radiation,

sealed sources which emit ionizing radiation, small particle accelerators used for single purpose

applications which produce ionizing radiation (e.g., radiography), and electron-generating devices that

produce x-rays incidentally. (Radiation-Generating Devices IG)

radioactive material: For the purposes of the standard, Radiological Control, radioactive material

includes any material, equipment or system component determined to be contaminated or suspected of

being contaminated. Radioactive material also includes activated material, sealed and unsealed sources,

and material that emits radiation. (RCS)

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