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DOE-HDBK-1130-98
Module 2 Biological Effects
Instructor's Notes
3. Biological effects of radiation exposure
Somatic effects refer to the effects radiation has on the
individual receiving the dose.
EO7 Define the term
Genetic effects refer to mutations due to radiation
"heritable effect."
damage to the DNA of a cell. When this change is in the
DNA of parental reproductive cells, it is called a
heritable effect.
a. Somatic Effects
Somatic effects can best be described in terms of prompt
and delayed effects as discussed below.
3) Prompt Effects
Although rare in the nuclear industry, large doses are
typically acute radiation doses representing serious
overexposures. The biological effects of large acute
doses are as follows:
Table 2-1
Prompt Biological Effects
Dose (rem)
Effect
0-25
None detectable through
symptoms or routine blood
tests.
25-100
Changes in blood.
100-300
Nausea, anorexia.
300-600
Diarrhea, hemorrhage, and
Effects are dependent on
medical intervention and the
possible death
individual.
28


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