Identify Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities (KSAs)

DOE-HDBK-1078-94

analysis is adequate and has resulted in enabling objectives and appropriate

training content. However, visible task analysis information can help to

ensure that key information will not be overlooked when developing training

or performance tests. To aid in this endeavor, forms on which to compile task

analysis information can be very useful when tasks are complex, lengthy, or

unfamiliar to an instructional developer. There are a variety of forms available

that will satisfy the user's needs. Attachment 13, "TES Development

Worksheet" is a form that will not only provide space to collect key elements

and KSAs but also provides space to identify KSAs as entry-level and write

enabling objectives.

Begin by listing all of the task elements on Attachment 13. If an adequate

procedure exists for the task, it may not be necessary to list the element

description on the worksheet. In this case, it would be appropriate to list the

element number from the procedure. If it is determined that, due to testing

constraints, complete duplication of the task in the TES performance test is

unrealistic, then the elements of the task should be examined. Elements that

include important decision points can be used to measure successful

performance of the entire task. Those key elements would then be listed on

the worksheet.

3.2.3 Identify Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities (KSAs). Using the list of all task

elements, it is now necessary identify the KSAs required to perform those

elements. Attachment 15, "Completed TES Development Worksheet"

provides an example of how the TES Worksheet may be used to record this

information.

3.2.4 Determine Entry-Level Requirements. In every training program, the

entry-level KSAs of the trainee must be considered. By properly establishing

the entry-level requirements, new learning will be based upon what the

trainees already know, and the trainees will not be wasting time on objectives

they have already mastered.

The entry-level requirements should be based on a familiarity with the general

level of KSAs of the trainees, and by a careful review of documents such as

job descriptions, position descriptions, or personnel qualification

requirements. The entry-level requirement should be set at a point where

most trainees have the required KSAs. Any required KSAs that the trainees

do not possess upon entry will have to be taught as part of the overall training

program. Remedial lessons may be necessary for those trainees who do not

meet the entry-level requirements.

One way to determine entry-level is to develop and administer an entry-level

test. This test can determine if personnel meet the entry-level requirements,

and serves to focus the training at the appropriate level. This can be