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|  DOE-HDBK-1106-97
Radiological Contamination Control Training
for Laboratory Research
Student's Guide
IODINE-131 (I-131)
Iodine-131 is a gamma, X-ray and beta emitter. I-131 contamination may be detected by a thin-window
G-M probe or with liquid scintillation counting.
1.
Maximum beta energies: 0.248 - 0.606 MeV.
2.
Primary gamma energies: 0.364 MeV, 0.637 MeV and 0.284 MeV.
3.
IAEA toxicity classification: Medium-high.
4.
Physical half-life: 8 days.
5.
Effective half-life (Teff): 7.6 days.
6.
Critical organ: Thyroid gland.
7.
Personnel monitoring: Dosimeter, thyroid scan for uptakes.
8.
ALI:
0.05 mCi (2 x 106 Bq) by inhalation, daily clearance.
o
0.03 mCi (1 x 106 Bq) by ingestion.
o
9.
Shielding: 2.3 mm of lead is the first half-value layer.
10.
Other considerations for iodine compounds:
Volatilization of iodine is the most significant hazard.
o
Simply opening a vial of sodium iodide (NaI) at high-radioactive concentrations can
cause minute droplets to become airborne.
o
Solutions containing iodide ions should not be made acidic nor stored frozen; both lead
to formation of volatile elemental iodine.
A-20
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