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|  DOE-HDBK-1130-98
Module 2 Biological Effects
Instructor's Notes
2.
Manmade sources
The difference between manmade sources of
E01 Identify the major sources
radiation and naturally occurring sources is the origin
of natural background and
of the source.
manmade radiation.
The four top sources of manmade radiation
exposures are:
Tobacco products
Medical radiation
Building materials
Domestic water supply
a.
Tobacco products (total average dose ~1300
mrem/yr for smokers)
b.
Medical radiation sources (total average dose
~ 54 mrem/yr)
1)
X rays (total average dose ~ 40mrem/yr)
a)
X rays are similar to gamma rays;
however, they originate outside the
nucleus.
b)
A typical radiation dose from a chest
X ray is about 10 mrem.
2)
Diagnosis and therapy (total average dose
~14 mrem/yr)
In addition to X rays, radioactive materials
and radioactive sources are used in
medicine for diagnosis and therapy.
c.
Building materials (total average dose ~7
mrem/yr)
d.
Domestic water supply (total average dose ~5
mrem/yr)
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