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DOE-HDBK-1132-99
Aluminum conduit is preferred in atmospheres where steel conduit is unsuitable;
for example, exposed conduit runs in damp or wet areas, such as cooling tower
areas. Copper-free aluminum conduit and fittings are preferred. Aluminum
conduit should not be used underground or be encased in concrete.
If dissimilar conduit materials are used, dielectric couplings should be
considered.
Steel conduits are recommended to route power cables to motors supplied from
variable-frequency controllers to minimize noise to and from adjacent circuits.
Variable-frequency controllers should be specified to include electrical filters.
In general, copper conductors are preferred for interior electrical systems, but
aluminum conductors, size No. 4 American wire gauge (AWG) and larger, may
be used where appropriate.
A minimum wire size of No. 12 AWG is recommended for lighting and receptacle
branch circuits. This recommendation is based on the branch circuit overcurrent
device rating of 20 amperes or less.
All receptacles with their power source, including UPS-critical circuits, should be
labeled. Electrical penetrations through a fire barrier should have an approved
fire barrier seal. Penetrations through confinements should be designed to
minimize leakage.
Each DOE facility should consider establishing a standard color-code system to
distinctly identify unground phase conductors by voltage level. The following
scheme is typical:
Color coding for 120/240V single-phase systems
Ungrounded conductor
Black
Ungrounded conductor
Red
II-25


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