Radiation Shielding - hdbk60040112

DOE-HDBK-6004-99

4. Control panels should be located to afford the operator a full view of the equipment.

5. Equipment should fail safe upon the loss of motive power.

6. Safety features should be incorporated such that failure of one of the drive mechanisms or any

component of the equipment will not result in exposure of personnel to radiation in excess of 2.5

mrem/hr while recovering from such failure.

7. Redundancy of critical controls should be provided to prevent single mode control failure of

remote or robotic equipment causing unplanned or unanticipated equipment motion.

8. The expected high levels of radio frequency and magnetic interference potentially present should

not interfere with control systems on the normal operation of systems.

9. The presence of large quantities of cryogenic materials during both normal and off-normal

conditions must be considered in the design of remote equipment.

Radiation Shielding

Design should provide radiation shields between the fusion facility and the remote handling system

components in order to reduce exposure to the system components.

Structural Design Codes

The design, fabrication, testing, and inspection of safety-class and safety-significant remote handling

equipment should be in accordance with commercial codes and standards applicable to that particular

type of equipment. The majority of the systems and components should be considered as non-

nuclear-safety (NNS) and should be designed and fabricated to industrial standard requirements

outlined in this volume.

Hydrogen Fires and Detonation

Remote handling systems should not initiate a fire or detonation in normal or anticipated off-normal

events in the presence of hydrogen gases. Safety-significant remote handling systems and

components may fail in a fire or detonation event, but the failure should not degrade the function of

an adjacent safety-class system, structure or component. Safety-class equipment should withstand

the effects of design basis fire or detonation and retain its basic safety functions.

Expected Hazards

General Requirements

Normal industrial hazards associated with large, automated facilities will be present in a fusion

facility. Remote handling facilities should address all of those in their basic design.

In addition, a series of specialized hazards may exist during normal or off normal operation whose

combination is unique. The following sections discuss the unique hazards that also must be addressed

in the basic system design.