Conducting OJT - std10120029

DOE-STD-1012-92

4. CONDUCTING OJT

During this phase of OJT, the instructor explains and demonstrates to the trainee how

to perform a task and supervises the trainee's practice of the task. This phase of the OJT

process is separate and distinct from the evaluation phase of OJT.

Instructors should use the "Three Ts" of effective training as they conduct training.

The first "T" is "tell them what you are going to tell them," the second is "tell them," and

the third is to "tell them what you told them." Use of the three Ts helps to ensure effective

on-the-job training.

The primary instructional method used in the on-the-job training setting is the

demonstration-performance method. In this method, the instructor tells and shows the trainee

how to perform the task. The shop foreman teaches the apprentice almost entirely by some

version of this method, and the flight instructor uses it to teach flying skills. The instructor

explains and demonstrates the particular task to the trainee and then coaches while the trainee

practices the task. This method is based on the principle that trainees learn best by doing.

During the practice under supervision the instructor points out errors and helps the trainee

improve techniques or eliminate errors in performance. Following the training and any

additional practice as necessary, the trainee is evaluated using a performance test.

When conducting OJT, the instructor should prepare for task performance, introduce

it, explain it, demonstrate it, and then coach the trainee as he/she performs the task. The

trainee is allowed repeated practice to achieve the terminal objective. When a trainee has

satisfied the objectives, the instructor concludes the training and documents it on the trainee's

OJT checklist.

4.1 Preparation Step

Instructors should adequately prepare prior to conducting OJT to ensure consistent and

effective training. A major portion of preparation should be a review of the OJT Guide. This

should concentrate on the equipment and/or tools required, expected trainee preparations,

training reference materials, safety precautions, and may include a review of the factors that

influence trainee learning and motivation. (Refer to Appendix C for the

factors of learning and motivation.) The instructor should review the procedures referenced

by the OJT guide and prepare the job site and ensure that all necessary tools, materials, and

procedures are available. The instructor should ensure that sufficient time for the training

has been scheduled.