Identification of Items Required to Implement Safety

DOE-STD-6002-96

b. the use of conservative design margins;

c. the use of a succession of physical barriers (passive preferred) for protection against

release of radioactive and hazardous materials;

d. the provision of multiple means (inherent, passive, or active) for ensuring the public

safety functions for fusion facilities;

e. the use of basic design features, equipment, and operating and administrative pro-

cedures to minimize anticipated operational occurrences and off-normal conditions

and to control and mitigate their consequences should they occur;

the implementation of a rigorous and formalized quality assurance program, the

organization of surveillance activities, and the establishment of a safety culture;

g. use of emergency plans as required to mitigate the effects of radiological and haz-

ardous releases to workers and the public.

h. additional levels of defense may be needed to compensate for technological

uncertainties.

4.2 Identification of Items Required to Implement Safety

Internal and external postulated initiating events (PIEs) that challenge the public safety

functions shall be systematically identified. Event sequences that account for additional potential

failures of items (structures, systems, components, and software, etc.) from PIEs shall be

developed. Based on these event sequences, items that are required to function to prevent

accidental releases of radioactive and/or hazardous materials in excess of evaluation guidelines

or to maintain consequences to ALARA goals shall be identified.

4.3 Design Basis

The facility design basis shall define the necessary capabilities of the facility to cope with

a specified range of operational states, maintenance and other shutdown activities, anticipated

operational occurrences, and off-normal conditions to meet the evaluation guidelines presented

in Section 3. The facility design shall recognize that both internal and external challenges to

each level of defense may occur, and design measures shall be provided to assure that evalua-

tion guidelines can be met.

The design basis shall include consideration of natural phenomena (e.g., earthquakes,

floods, and high winds), environmental effects, and dynamic effects (e.g., pipe ruptures, pipe

whip, and missiles) in order to establish a set of external challenges. The importance of these

events in the design basis shall be evaluated based on the risk of event sequences developed

for the facility.