Emergency Preparedness

DOE-STD-6003-96

Each fusion facility should develop a conduct of operations program in accordance with

DOE Order 5480.19, Conduct of Operations, using a graded approach. Specifics for each of the

sections can be found in the references for this chapter.

Fusion facilities should have a policy that assures operations are managed, organized,

and conducted in a manner to assure an acceptable level of safety and operators have proce-

dures in place to control the conduct of their operations.

The following areas should be addressed by the conduct of operations program: Opera-

tions Organization and Administration; Shift Routines and Operating Practices; Control Area

Activities; Communications; Control of On-Shift Training; Investigation of Abnormal Events;

Notifications; Control of Equipment and System Status; Lockouts and Tagouts; Independent

Verification; Logkeeping; Operations Turnover; Operations Aspects of Facility Chemistry and

Unique Processes; Required Reading; Timely Orders to Operators; Operations Procedures;

Operator Aid Postings; Equipment and Pipe Labeling.

4.4.5 Emergency Preparedness

Fusion facilities should develop an emergency management program, using a graded

approach, consistent with the determined level of risk at the facility. The requirements for

emergency preparedness at DOE facilities are specified in DOE Order 151.1, Comprehensive

Emergency Management. Appendix C provides a listing of guidance documents that may be

useful in developing the site-specific emergency management program.

The Emergency Management System (EMS) should include a graded approach to

emergency management concepts such as planning, preparedness, and response. "Planning"

includes the development and preparation of emergency plans and procedures and the identifi-

cation of necessary personnel and resources to provide an effective response. "Preparedness"

includes the training of personnel, acquisition and maintenance of resources, and exercising of

the plans, procedures, personnel, and resources essential for emergency response. "Response"

represents the implementation of planning and preparedness during an emergency and involves

the effective decisions, actions, and application of resources that must be accomplished to miti-

gate consequences and recover from an emergency.

4.4.5.1 Operational Emergency Event Classes

Operational emergencies involving hazardous materials (radiological and nonradiological)

should be classified as one of the operational emergency classes (e.g., Alert, Site Area Emer-

gency, or General Emergency). Emergency Action Levels (EALs), the specific criteria used to

recognize and categorize events, should be developed for the spectrum of potential operational

emergencies consistent with the hazards assessment. The need for some emergency levels will

be eliminated for radiological emergencies if the site boundary dose limit specified as a fusion

radiological release requirement in DOE-STD-6002-96 is met.