Table 1. Requirements for protection of the public from exposure to radiation

DOE-STD-6002-96

a. ensuring afterheat removal when required;

b. providing rapid controlled reduction in plasma energy when required;

c. controlling coolant energy (e.g., pressurized water, cryogens);

d. controlling chemical energy sources;

e. controlling magnetic energy (e.g., toroidal and poloidal field stored energy);

limiting airborne and liquid releases to the environment;

The specific design of any particular fusion facility must be considered in determining the

importance of potential safety concerns in protecting the public and the environment. A risk-

based prioritization scheme (graded approach) shall be used to determine the impact of these

potential safety concerns for each specific fusion facility.

Application of these safety requirements will normally be an iterative process. Require-

ments shall be implemented in each phase of the facility life cycle, incorporating feed back from

the results of the facility safety analysis and experience/lessons learned during the previous

operating phases of the facility.

3.1 Public Safety Function--Confine Radioactive and Hazardous Material

Radioactive and hazardous material confinement barriers of sufficient number, strength,

leak tightness, and reliability shall be incorporated in the design of fusion facilities to prevent

releases of radioactive and/or hazardous materials from exceeding evaluation guidelines during

normal operation or during off-normal conditions.

As shown in Table 1, two sets of radiological criteria shall be used for evaluating radioac-

tive releases: regulatory limits (evaluation guidelines) that shall not be exceeded and fusion

requirements. Regulatory limits (evaluation guidelines) are applicable to the maximum exposed

individual off-site using conservative assumptions. Best-estimate techniques are used to evalu-

ate against fusion requirements. In showing compliance with these guidelines, the ALARA

principle shall be applied. Compliance with both sets of criteria shall be demonstrated for all

TABLE 1. Requirements for protection of the public from exposure to radiation a

Fusion radiological release

Regulatory limit

requirement

(evaluation guideline)

Normal and anticipated

0.1 mSv/yr (10 mrem/yr)

1 mSv/yr (100 mrem/yr)

operational occurrences

Off-normal conditions (per

10 mSv (1 rem) (No

250 mSv (25 rem)

event)

public evacuation)

aBasis

for the exposure limits is provided in DOE-STD-6003-96, Chapter 2.